Sivalingam literally means the body of Siva. Next, to the symbol of AUM, it is perhaps the most potent, powerful and popular symbol in Hinduism.In almost all Shiv temples, worship is made to SHIVLINGA only.
The Sivalingam is also symbolic of the Supreme Self. It is verily Maheswara Himself, the Highest Self and the Lord of the universe. In this aspect, it has three parts. The lower part represents Brahma. The middle part, which is octagonal in shape, represents Vishnu. The upper part, which is cylindrical in shape, represents Rudra and is also called Pujabhaga since it receives the actual offerings of milk, water and other substances. The first and foremost thing that one needs to be kept in mind before performing any puja is that the devotee should take a bath.
Never put tulsi (basil) leaves on the shivling. Always offer only Bael leaves.
When offering milk to the shivling make sure that you never use pasteurized or packet milk and make sure you always use ice cold milk. Never offer coconut water as an offering to the shivling, although you can offer coconuts.
Although many fruits can be offered but the most common fruit that is offered to the shivling on all major festivals is Bael (wood apple) as it signifies longevity.
The shivling should be first offered Panchamrit, which is a mixture of milk, ganga jal, saffron, sugar/honey and water. It is believed that the shivling and the idol of Lord Shiva should only be offered white flowers because Lord Shiva is said to be especially fond of flowers that are white in colour.
Never offer kewda and champa flowers as they are said to be cursed by Lord Shiva. The devotees can put a tilak of sandalwood paste on the shivling.
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